Upper liner securement for a gyratory crusher

ABSTRACT

An upper liner of a gyratory crusher is connected to an upper liner support by a liner securement which comprises liner pockets and coacting wedge blocks. Wedge bolts pull each wedge block into a related liner pocket. Square head wedge bolts and vertically elongated bolt hole slots in the liner allow vertical variations in fit between the liner and related parts.

United States Patent [191 11 3,923,258 Hendrickson 1 Dec. 2, 1975 [54] UPPER LINER SECUREMENT FOR A 337L875 3/1968 Gasparuc at al. 241/299 GYRATORY CRUSH 323933; 218$? f 321E 33 i 0 2 ct 21 [75] Inventor: Charles M. Hendrickson,

Vancouver wash" Primary Examiner-Granville Y. Custer, Jr. [73] Assignee: Columbia Steel Casting Co., Assistant Examiner-Howard N. Goldberg Portland, Oreg. Attorney, Agent, or FirmOwen, Wickersham & 22 Filed: May 22, 1974 Enckso" ]2l] Appl. No.: 472,127 ABSTRACT An upper liner of a gyratory crusher is connected to 24l/20;,0i(1:l/22/gZ an upper liner Support by a liner Securemem which [58] Fie'ld 54 216 comprises liner pockets and coacting wedge blocks. 241/29; 6 Wedge bolts pull each wedge block into a related liner pocket, Square head wedge bolts and vertically elongated bolt hole slots in the liner allow vertical varia- [56] UNITE SEEI FZ F ES EZZENTS tions in fit between the liner and related parts.

3,235,190 2/1966 Symons 241/299 6 Claims 5 Drawing Figures lOb 44 4 I6 I00 I8 US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 1 of2 3,923,258

& I2 32 58 37 UPPER LINER SECUREMENT'FOR-A GYR-ATORY CRUSHER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a gyratory crusher of the kind in which a head is mounted for gyratory movement relative to a bowl to provide a crushing cavity between the head and the bowl. This invention relates particularly to a gryatory crusher of this kind in which an upper liner support has an inclined lower surface and an upper liner has an inclined outer surface shaped complementary to and engageable with the inclined lower surface of the liner support.

In gyratory crushers of this kind, when the liner is assembled on the support, the liner is forced upward until the inclined surfaces of the liner and liner support are tightly engaged.

Several constructions have been used in the prior art for achieving this engagement of the liner on the support member. Two typical constructions are disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,371,875 to Gasparac et al., issued Mar. 5, 1965, and U.S. Pat. No. 3,235,190 to Symons, issued Feb. 15, 1966. In each of these patents, the upper annular edge of the liner is disclosed as being formed with a plurality of wedge receiving surfaces, each of which is eccentricaly and helically disposed relative to the liner axis. Thrust nuts and wedges are mounted in recesses in the liner support member and the wedges are pushed into engagement with the specially formed upper edge of the liner, by rotation of the thrust nuts, to tighten the liner on the liner support. In practice it is difficult to cast such a specially formed upper edge of the liner with sufficient precision to enable the thrust nuts and wedges to function properly. These prior art designs are undesirably complex in practice, and are relatively expensive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is a primary object of the invention to overcome problems presented by prior art liner securement constructions.

It is a related object to construct a liner securement which requires only simple parts while providing a positive locking method.

It is a still further object to provide a liner securement construction which can be adapted to existing gyratory crushers presently in use with no modification to the crusher other than replacement of the liner and.

liner securement.

The liner of the present invention is a generally annular shaped liner having a depending and generally radially outwardly extending lower part which is formed with the inclined outer surface for engagement with the liner support surface.

The liner has a generally cylindrically extending upper part, and the outer diameter of this upper part of the liner is formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced pockets. Each pocket is adapted to receive a wedge, block. Each pocket has an upper surface which is inclined at an angle such that, when the wedge block is pulled into the pocket, the entire liner is forced upward until the inclined surfaces of the liner and the liner support are tightly engaged.

The liner supporthas a generally flat annular upper surface. Each wedge block of the present invention has a lower surface which engages this flat annular upper surface of the liner support.

The liner has bolt head recesses formed in the inner diameter of the liner, and each bolt head recess is aligned with a related wedge receiving pocket on the outside diameter of the liner.

A hole for a bolt shank extends between each bolt head recess and a related pocket. The wedge block also has a central opening extending axially through the wedge block for the bolt shank.

Each bolt is inserted through the liner from the inside diameter and then through a related wedge block. When a nut is tightened down on the threaded end of the bolt, the nut engages the back surface of the wedge block to pull the wedge block into a related pocket. This lifts the liner upward and into tight engagement with the liner support.

The pocket, wedge and bolt securement of the present invention thus provide a self-locating action without the need to locate a high point on an upper rim of the liner as was the case with the prior art constructions of the kind noted above.

The pocket, wedge, bolt securement of the present invention is not only easy to install but it is also compatible with existing gyratory crusher constructions of the kind using thrust nuts as described above. The space required for turning down the nut on the bolt is provided by the openings in the liner support which were previously used for adjusting the thrust nuts. The present invention also provides good shear strength because of the wedge action within the liner pocket. Additional shear strength is obtained by engagement of sides of the wedge against a pair of spaced posts used with the thrust nut construction as described above.

In a preferred form of the invention each bolt has a square head, and both the related bolt head recess and the hole for the bolt shank are vertically elongated. This allows greater freedom for fit and accommodates vertical variances between the liner and the part the liner fits in.

Pocket, wedge and bolt securement constructions having the structural features described above and effective to function in the ways described above constitute further, specific objects of the present invention.

Other objects, advantages and features of my invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of one preferred embodiment taken with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a liner constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary top plan view (partly broken away to show details of construction) showing how the upper liner of FIG. 1 is secured to an upper liner support of a gyratory crusher by a wedge block and bolt securement constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side elevation view in cross section taken along the line and in the direction indicated by the arrows 3-3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an inside diameter elevation view taken along the line and in the direction indicated by the arrows 44 in FIG. 3. The broken away part of the upper liner in the top part of FIG. 2 is taken generally along the line and in the direction indicated by the arrows 2-2 in FIG. 4; and

FIG. 5 is an outside diameter elevation view taken by the arrows 55 in FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An upper liner constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral in FIG. 1.

The liner 10 is a generally annular member and includes a depending and generally radially outwardly extending lower part 10a and a generally cylindrically ex tending upper part 10b.

The liner 10 is mounted on an upper liner support 12 whch has an inclined lower surface 14.

An outer surface 16 on the lower part 10a of the liner is shaped complementary to the liner support surface 14 and is tightly engaged with the surface 14 when the liner is installed in'the gyratory crusher.

In this installed position, an inner surface 18 of the liner is spaced from a related surface 20 of a gyratory head or mantle 22 of the crusher, and the crushing cavity is defined between the surfaces 18 and 20.

In accordance with the present invention, the liner 10 is connected to the liner support 12 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced liner securement means indicated generally by the reference numeral in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5.

Each liner securement means 30 includes a pocket 32 formed in the outer diameter of the part 10b of the liner. The securement means also include a wedge block 34 and a wedge bolt 36.

Each pocket 32 has an upper inclined wedge surface 38. The angle of inclination of this surface 38 is opposite that of the surface 16 so that, as the surface 38 is wedged upward, it lifts the liner surface 16 into tight engagement with the liner support surface 14.

The inner upper surface 40 of each wedge block 34 is shaped complementary to the liner pocket surface 38, and pulling the wedge block radially inwardly lifts the liner 10 to engage the surfaces '14 and 16.

Bolt head receiving recesses 42 are formed in the inner diameter of the liner with each recess aligned with a related pocket 32. An opening 44 extends between each recess 42 and a related pocket 32. The bolt 36 is inserted through the liner from the inside out until the underside of the bolt head engages the counterbore surface 46.

In a preferred form of the invention each bolt 36 has a square bolt head 37. The bolt head recess 42 is vertically elongated, and the bolt shank opening 44 in the liner is also vertically elongated. This allows greater freedom for fit and accommodates vertical variances between the liner 10 and the liner support 12. The increased freedom for fit becomes especially important when a new liner is installed as a replacement in a crusher in the field since the crusher is often made by a manufacturer different from the manufacturer of the replacement liner.

The bolt 36 is preferably specially forged with a thick head to withstand the abrasion it is subjected to.

Each wedge block 34 has a central bolt shank opening 48 extending axially through the wedge block. The outer, back face 50 of the wedge block is flat and engaged by the nut 52 of the wedge bolt. The lower surface 56 of the wedge block rests on a flat annular upper surface 58 of the liner support.

The upper liner support 12 has a series of cavities or pockets 60 which are large enough to permit access to a tool to the nut 52 to turn down the nut on the threaded end of the wedge bolt. To complete the connection of the liner to the liner support after the bolts have been inserted through the liner openings and wedge blocks, the nut 52 is turned down on the threaded end of the wedge bolt 36. This pulls the wedge block 34 into the pocket 32 until the wedge surface 40 lifts the liner to tightly engage the surfaces 14 and 16.

The entire liner pocket, wedge block and wedge bolt securement construction described above is easy to install and is self-aligning.

In one commercial form of the gyratory crusher for which the liner securement of the present invention is especially adapted, there are pairs of spaced upright posts 62 which are welded to the upper surface 58 of the liner support adjacent each recess or pocket 60 in the liner support. These posts are normally used to provide shear support for thrust nut and wedge constructions like those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,235,190 to Symons and 3,371,875 to Gasparac et al. referred to above.

The wedge block of the present invention has flat sides 64 for engagement with posts 62. This enables the present invention to use the shear strength available from the posts 62 in addition to the shear strength provided by the wedge block 34 within the liner pocket 32.

In one specific form of the present invention there are six of the securement means 30 spaced equally about the circumference of the liner. However, a greater or lesser number of securement means 30 may be used, depending upon the particular application.

To those skilled in the art to which this invention relates, many changes in construction and widely differing embodiments and applications of the invention will suggest themselves without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The disclosures and the description herein are purely illustrative and are not intended to be in any sense limiting.

What is claimed is:

1. In a gyratory crusher of the kind in which an upper liner support has an inclined lower surface and an upper liner has an inclined outer surface shaped complementary to and engageable with said surface of the liner support, the improvement comprising,

liner securement means for pulling said liner surface up into tight engagement with said liner support surface, said liner securement means including pockets in the liner and coacting wedge blocks and bolts for pulling each wedge block into a related liner pocket,

each pocket having internal wall structure which includes a generally flat upper wedge surface and two parallel, laterally spaced sidewalls, and

each wedge block including a generally flat upper wedge surface shaped complementary to and engageable with the upper wedge surface in a related pocket and two fiat sides engageable with the side walls in a related pocket so that each wedge block provides lift and anti-rotation shear forces in a related pocket on two axes which are in true perpendicular to each other within the pocket.

2. The invention defined in claim 1 wherein the liner is an annular shaped liner having a depending and radially outwardly extending lower part formed with said inclined outer surface and having a generally cylindrically extending upper part formed with the liner pockets and wherein the liner pockets are generally equally spaced circumferentially about the outside diameter of the upper part of the liner.

3. In a gyratory crusher of the kind in which an upper liner support has an inclined lower surface and an upper liner has an inclined outer surface shaped complementary to and engageable with said surface of the liner support, the improvement comprising,

liner securement means for pulling said liner surface up into tight engagement with said liner support surface,

said liner securement means including pockets in the liner and coacting wedge blocks and bolts for pulling each wedge block into a related liner pocket, and

wherein the liner is an annular shaped liner having a depending and radially outwardly extending lower part formed with said inclined outer surface and having a generally cylindrically extending upper part formed with the liner pockets and wherein the liner pockets are generally equally spaced circumferentially about the outside diameter of the upper part of the liner, and

wherein the upper liner support has a generally flat upper surface and each wedge block has a lower surface engageable with the flat upper surface of the upper liner support and has an upper wedge surface engageable with a complementary upper wedge surface in a related pocket, and

wherein each wedge block has generally flat sides for engagement with laterally spaced and vertically extending side posts on said upper surface of the upper liner support.

4. In a gyratory crusher of the kind in which an upper liner support has an inclined lower surface and an upper liner has an inclined outer surface shaped complementary to and engageable witth said surface of the liner support, the improvement comprising,

liner securement means for pulling said liner surface up into tight engagement with said liner support surface,

said liner securement means including pockets in the liner and coacting wedge blocks and bolts for pulling each wedge block into a related liner pocket, and

wherein the liner is formed with a plurality of bolt head receiving recesses on an inner surface of the liner and each said recess is aligned with a related pocket formed in an outer surface of the liner and wherein a bolt shank opening extends between each bolt head recess and a related pocket so that a bolt shank can be passed axially through the liner from the inside out.

5. The invention defined in claim 4 wherein each wedge block has a bolt shank opening extending axially through the wedge block and has a generally flat back face for engagement with a bolt nut so that a bolt nut can be tightened down on an outer threaded end of the bolt shank to pull the wedge block into tight engagement with a related pocket.

6. The invention defined in claim 4 wherein each bolt head is square shaped and each bolt head recess and bolt shank opening are vertically elongated to allow for vertical variations in fit between the liner and the liner support. 

1. In a gyratory crusher of the kind in which an upper liner support has an inclined lower surface and an upper liner has an inclined outer surface shaped complementary to and engageable with said surface of the liner support, the improvement comprising, liner securement means for pulling said liner surface up into tight engagement with said liner support surface, said liner securement means including pockets in the liner and coacting wedge blocks and bolts for pulling each wedge block into a related liner pocket, each pocket having internal wall structure which includes a generally flat upper wedge surface and two parallel, laterally spaced sidewalls, and each wedge block including a generally flat upper wedge surface shaped complementary to and engageable with the upper wedge surface in a related pocket and two flat sides engageable with the side walls in a related pocket so that each wedge block provides lift and anti-rotation shear forces in a related pocket on two axes which are in true perpendicular to each other within the pocket.
 2. The invention defined in claim 1 wherein the liner is an annular shaped liner having a depending and radially outwardly extending lower part formed with said inclined outer surface and having a generally cylindrically extending upper part formed with the liner pockets and wherein the liner pockets are generally equally spaced circumferentially about the outside diameter of the upper part of the liner.
 3. In a gyratory crusher of the kind in which an upper liner support has an inclined lower surface and an upper liner has an inclined outer surface shaped complementary to and engageable with said surface of the liner support, the improvement comprising, liner securement means for pulling said liner surface up into tight engagement with said liner support surface, said liner securement means including pockets in the liner and coacting wedge blocks and bolts for pulling each wedge block into a related liner pocket, and wherein the liner is an annular shaped liner having a depending and radially outwardly extending lower part formed with said inclined outer surface and having a generally cylindrically extending upper part formed with the liner pockets and wherein the liner pockets are generally equally spaced circumferentially about the outside diameter of the upper part of the liner, and wherein the upper liner support has a generally flat upper surface and each wedge block has a lower surface engageable with the flat upper surface of the upper liner support and has an upper wedge surface engageable with a complementary upper wedge surface in a related pocket, and wherein each wedge block has generally flat sides for engagement with laterally spaced and vertically extending side posts on said upper surface of the upper liner support.
 4. In a gyratory crusher of the kind in which an upper liner support has an inclined lower surface and an upper liner has an inclined outer surface shaped complementary to and engageable witth said surface of the liner support, the improvement comprising, liner securement means for pulling said liner surface up into tight engagement with said liner support surface, said liner securEment means including pockets in the liner and coacting wedge blocks and bolts for pulling each wedge block into a related liner pocket, and wherein the liner is formed with a plurality of bolt head receiving recesses on an inner surface of the liner and each said recess is aligned with a related pocket formed in an outer surface of the liner and wherein a bolt shank opening extends between each bolt head recess and a related pocket so that a bolt shank can be passed axially through the liner from the inside out.
 5. The invention defined in claim 4 wherein each wedge block has a bolt shank opening extending axially through the wedge block and has a generally flat back face for engagement with a bolt nut so that a bolt nut can be tightened down on an outer threaded end of the bolt shank to pull the wedge block into tight engagement with a related pocket.
 6. The invention defined in claim 4 wherein each bolt head is square shaped and each bolt head recess and bolt shank opening are vertically elongated to allow for vertical variations in fit between the liner and the liner support. 